Specialization courses provide additional training to ninja. Many of the courses involve classroom time and a series of tests - knowledge, non-jutsu practicals, and jutsu practicals. Higher ranked ninja have access to all lower level courses provided they meet any requirements. In general there are four levels of certification per specialization - Introductory, Basic, Intermediate, and Advanced - though most specializations don't have an Introductory level. Difficulty increases markedly for the tests between different levels, and a higher level course is not available without clearing the previous level(s) or getting a waiver.
There is no limit on specializations one can take, but achieving full mastery would be time consuming and thus provides a practical limit. Also, shadow clones are not allowed to attend courses (or do the tests).
The following tabs list Specializations. Specializations show up only on the first list that is applicable. All Specializations that have Mandatory sections are under Mandatory, all that have introductory levels or are available to Academy students are listed under that tab, and so forth.